How to face persecution (Sermon 10)

Date 27 01 02 Text Daniel 6 Place Childs Hill Baptist Church

We’re looking at the Book of Daniel and at how Daniel lived out his life under four kings – the Babylonians, Nebuchadnezzar and his grandson Belshazzar; Darius the Mede and Cyrus the Persian. We looked last at Daniel 9 and Daniel’s prayer and vision in the time of Darius. This week I want us to look at something else that happened in Darius’s time – what is found in the most famous chapter in the book, Chapter 6. Daniel in the lions’ den is easily among the most famous stories in the Bible. It’s up there with Noah’s ark, Jonah’s whale, Moses in the bulrushes, crossing the Red Sea. Some of you can’t remember a time when you didn’t know the story. You’ve grown up with it.
It’s not only a great story but one that’s full of help and challenge in every way. I think we can say this is true what ever age we are. It’s often forgotten that by this time Daniel was an old man – probably well into his eighties. He’d served under the Babylonians and been both a royal favourite and a forgotten man. Now he was very much in favour again, serving under the Medo-Persian Empire that he had known would replace the corrupt Babylonian one. We know nothing outside Scripture about Darius the Mede but he was clearly in power for a relatively brief period and in that time set about reforming the undoubtedly run-down and corrupt administration taken over from Belshazzar. In this administration Daniel was chosen to play a very significant part. Let’s begin to look at Daniel then and see the lessons there for our own day.
1. Be faithful to God and the world will often take notice. Realise that persecution may well follow.
1. If you are faithful the world will often notice. In verses 1 and 2 we’re told that It pleased Darius to appoint 120 satraps to rule throughout the kingdom that is all the large area controlled by the Medo-Persians. Then there were three administrators over them, one of whom was Daniel. The satraps were made accountable to them so that the king might not suffer loss. Then in verse 3 we read Now Daniel so distinguished himself among the administrators and the satraps by his exceptional qualities that the king planned to set him over the whole kingdom. Daniel was clearly very special. He was a man of exceptional qualities. To be a satrap was something but there were 120 of them. No doubt some were better than others. To be one of the top three administrators took something extra special. But Daniel we are told even stood out over the top three. Men like Daniel are rare. Perhaps none of us here even begin to approach a man of such stature. Nevertheless, we all have talents and it’s vital that we make good use of them and that we are faithful in our callings – as parents, as husbands and wives; as students, workers or retired people; as nurses or civil servants, proof readers or pastors; in offices or hotels, classrooms or laboratories; working with computers or with brushes and paint. It is important that we are not lazy or self-serving but that we work for God’s glory. Are we doing that? In verse 4 we’re told Daniel was trustworthy and neither corrupt nor negligent. They say every man has his price but not Daniel. That must be true of us too in whatever sphere we work. Neither negligence nor corruption must creep in. We must be absolutely trustworthy. Few people today have real integrity. When one comes along it makes a real impact. For example, think of Christians who are professional sportsmen who won’t compete on a Sunday.
2. Do not be surprised when persecution follows. It is easy to think this is the way to bliss. But no
1 Expect jealousy. Now in some ways it would be nice to say ‘Live like that and everything will be wonderful and you’ll get promoted and everybody will like you’. However, that’s not reality. It wasn’t for Daniel; it often won’t be for us. Daniel’s promotion caused jealousy. You can imagine it can’t you? The other two and some of the satraps knew one another and when they met up, as no doubt they did from time to time, they spoke about Daniel. ‘He’s not one of us’ they said. ‘He doesn’t really fit in’; ‘he’s getting too much power’; ‘he’s interfering with our chances to cream off something for ourselves’, etc. The problem was that Daniel was better than them in every way and they knew it. If you are faithful and you are rewarded then it is likely that you’ll make someone jealous. Remember that.
2 Give no-one reason to criticise you. Perhaps secret memoranda flitted back and forth across the empire as these discussions went on. They (4) tried to find grounds for charges against Daniel in his conduct of government affairs. They watched his every move to see if there was anything corrupt going on or if Daniel was slacking in any area at all. But they were unable to do so. As we have noted They could find no corruption in him, because he was trustworthy and neither corrupt nor negligent. It is very important that this is true of us as, if it is not, we will give people an excuse to decry the gospel. ‘He’s supposed to be a Christian’ they’ll say ‘but he has longer coffee breaks than anyone!’ ‘She’s supposed to follow Jesus but she won’t help anyone else’. ‘Some Christian this one, look at the mess of his files.’ Of course, we all fail and sometimes we are rightly accused. In such a situation we simply have to accept the criticism. But let’s look to the Lord to help us not to bring shame on his name. 1 Peter 4:15, 16 If you suffer it should not be as a murderer or a thief or any other kind of criminal or even as a meddler. However, if you suffer as a Christian, do not be ashamed, but praise God that you bear that name.
3. Make no secret of your devotion to God but realise that is where the real opposition lies. In the end these men decided that if they waited until Daniel made a slip in conducting government business they’d wait forever. Rather, the thing to do was to try and find a basis for charges in (5) something to do with the law of his God. As here, the world will always try and force the believer into a position where he has to be true to God and lose out or keep everything but deny God. Daniel made no secret of his faith in the Lord. Everyone knew he was devoted to the God of the Jews. We learn later how he would openly pray three times a day turned to Jerusalem, to the place of atonement. We too must make no secret of our devotion to Christ if we have one. Sometimes it may be tempting to keep it in the background but that’s never right for the believer. We must keep it to the fore, even though that’s where opposition will focus most keenly. If we are simply very good then may be we can escape jealousy but if we’re Christians who are very good the opposition will inevitably focus on our faith. Christians are tempted to keep a low profile – either by not trying too hard or by keeping quiet about their faith. Both alternatives are forbidden in Scripture. It is wrong to hide your light under a bushel. Rather we are to shine out for Jesus like light in the darkness so that men may see our good works and come to praise him.
4. Be aware of the weapons in the opposition’s armoury. We note five here:
  • Plotting and scheming. The administrators not only gossip and moan about Daniel behind his back but they discuss ways of having him removed and eventually come up with an evil plan. Daniel doesn’t know about any of this, of course, any more than we are privy to things that are said behind our backs. We ought to be aware that such things go on, however. We are not conspiracy theorists but we must acknowledge that in schools and universities, mosques and witches’ covens, pubs and private houses the overthrow of Christianity is regularly being contemplated at different levels.
  • Flattery and deception. The plan was to go to the king and propose a new law, one that would appeal to his sense of self-importance. I don’t suppose Darius was any more vain than any other Pagan king. When they said to him O King Darius, live for ever! The royal administrators, prefects, satraps, advisers and governors have all agreed that the king should issue an edict and enforce the decree that anyone who prays to any god or man during the next 30 days, except to you, O king, shall be thrown into the lions’ den. No doubt all that he really thought about was the wonderful devotion these people appeared to have for him. Again and again such simple devices have been used to attack the gospel and individual believers. Appeals to freedom and humanity, intellectual enlightenment and fair play are made. We must understand how it works. A straightforward attack is likely to fail but if the powers that be can be convinced that they are doing something enlightened, something wise and admirable, then they’ll go for it, regardless of the harm that comes to believers. Notice the lie - the royal administrators, prefects, satraps, advisers and governors have all agreed. But Daniel hadn’t. The king should have smelt a rat. Where was his best advisor?
  • Malice and hate. Note that from the beginning these evil men were bent on having Daniel put to death. They themselves lay down the punishment, to be thrown into the lions’ den. They were certain about that. To this day the faithful continue to be killed. It is said that in the 20th Century there were more Christian martyrs than in any previous century. No doubt the same will be so in the 21st Century. At the very end of 2001, ten villagers were brutally shot and killed when Islamic militants raided the village of Naga, Mindanao, Philippines. In the savage attack, armed militants opened fire on a row of grass huts in a predominantly Christian village shooting six dead and wounding four. Soldiers and local militia fought back, killing one and wounding another. The militants kidnapped four villagers and later killed them as well. Similar reports come in regularly from Indonesia and Nigeria etc.
  • Pressure and coercion. It is the King who puts the law in writing here but it is clear that he has been manipulated by his government officers. Later he is full of regret about what happens to Daniel. He had not realised where it was all leading. This is a common feature in persecution. At oprsent the Christian radio station Premier Radio is in a situation where one tiny group are bringing pressure on the government not to renew their licence.
  • Misuse of law. In verses 8 and 9 we read Now, O king, issue the decree and put it in writing so that it cannot be altered - in accordance with the laws of the Medes and Persians, which cannot be repealed. So King Darius put the decree in writing. They knew this law would not bother polytheists. It was only a thirty day ban on their religion anyway. Only true worshippers of the true God would be affected. This wasn’t the last time a law was passed aimed at suppressing the truth. It wasn’t the last. There are ruthless men, of course, who will do as they will, regardless of Law. Others, however, are wiser in worldly terms perhaps and like to use the law to frame and support their vile actions. The BBC produced a fascinating drama to mark world holocaust day recently. It re-enacted a secret conference at Wannsee where the fateful decision to annihilate the Jews was formally agreed. It was interesting to see how representatives of different parts of the Nazi machine argued their case. All were united in their hatred for Jews but one in particular was concerned that they act only in line with properly framed laws. The fact a law has been passed by a legitimate government never has and never can make a thing right. That is a lie.
The Devil will stop at nothing to bring us down. Be aware. Be ready.
2. Consider what to do if persecution comes and what it is like when it comes near.
1. What to do if persecution comes. Daniel is a wonderful example to us here. He heard about the new law the King had passed. Perhaps even before that he’d guessed what was going on. He was fully aware of what would happen if he prayed as he had been doing. So what does he do? Does he stop praying? Does he pretend not to pray? No. Just as he’d stood firm as a boy so he stands firm now. He doesn’t panic or make a dramatic gesture, he just carries on doing what he’d always done. Verse 10 Now when Daniel learned that the decree had been published, he went home to his upstairs room where the windows opened towards Jerusalem. Three times a day he got down on his knees and prayed, giving thanks to his God, just as he had done before. This is not ostentation, Daniel was well known – people saw everything he did. And when they went to spy they (11) found Daniel praying and asking God for help and not attempting to hide it. Daniel hardly seems to have known what it meant to fear man. This is how we should be; how we must be, whether persecution comes or not.
Do you pray? How often? Do you humble yourself before God? Do you give thanks? Do you ask for help? Here is the secret of Daniel’s strength. He was tempted to compromise no doubt. The devil whispered all sorts of arguments. Just leave it for 30 days Daniel. Make an excuse and go somewhere else out of the way, etc. ‘think what you’ll lose’; ‘Imagine those lions sinking their hungry fangs into you’. But long ago Daniel had decided how he would live. It is such people who are faithful under persecution. It is easy to imagine that if we were persecuted we would be better stronger Christians. But no it is faithfulness in the little things that prepares us to face the big tests. If we fail when things are easy, we will never do any good when real trouble comes.
2. What it is like when persecution comes near. Having experienced little persecution we’re perhaps a little vague about what it’s like. It’s important to remember that nothing usually happens overnight. There is a process. Certainly that is true here. We can discern a series of eight steps.
1 Hatred festers. Perhaps we can begin here. That hatred is always there. We know that hatred today.
2 A Law is passed. Our enemies are sometimes able to take things forward by having a law passed that will discriminate against Christians. At present there are laws on the statute books that directly or indirectly make it difficult for believers. We are often in danger of seeing more severe laws passed.
3 You are faithful. Of course, if when such a law is passed we capitulate we’ll escape persecution. Daniel could have simply not prayed for a month. He’d have completely escaped persecution but at what price?
4 Informers inform. A mere law can’t hurt anyone. There have to be informers. We were talking to a speaker from Jordan recently about the problem of secret policemen in congregations there. Informers do the dirty work. There are always willing eyes and ears and mouths. Notice how crafty they are. They begin (12) Did you not publish a decree that during the next 30 days anyone who prays to any god or man except to you, O king, would be thrown into the lions’ den? The king answered, The decree stands - in accordance with the laws of the Medes and Persians, which cannot be repealed. Got him! They go on (13) Daniel, who is one of the exiles from Judah, pays no attention to you, O king, or to the decree you put in writing. He still prays three times a day. Daniel had said long ago that the empire after all powerful Nebuchadnezzar would be weaker. Here we see it I action as the King is tied in knots by his own decree.
5 Some may make efforts to save you. 14 When the king heard this, he was greatly distressed; he was determined to rescue Daniel and made every effort until sundown to save him. On the other hand, the efforts of the king to defend Daniel are typical. Because the image of God in man is not wholly destroyed it is not unusual to find unbelievers willing to take up our cause sometimes.
Perhaps the dilemma gives as an insight into the work of the cross. God is the great King. On one hand, the Law says all sinners must die for all have sinned. On the other, God desires to save some. He does so through the death of his Son. That is the gospel. Darius had no such expedient.
6 Your enemies pursue their case. Verse 15 Then the men went as a group to the king and said to him, Remember, O king, that according to the law of the Medes and Persians no decree or edict that the king issues can be changed. Nevertheless when there are determined enemies they’ll pursue their case relentlessly as here.
7 An order is given. Verse 16 So the king gave the order, and they brought Daniel and threw him into the lions’ den. The king said to Daniel, May your God, whom you serve continually, rescue you! He doesn’t seem to have had much hope of that. Sometimes it comes to this.
8 Your fate is apparently sealed. Verse 17 A stone was brought and placed over the mouth of the den, and the king sealed it with his own signet ring and with the rings of his nobles, so that Daniel’s situation might not be changed. Hopeless. What hope was there for Daniel? What hope is there for us if they are determined? We must be realistic and say, humanly speaking, very little. Physically, there seemed no hope for Daniel. But spiritually there was every hope. He had faced the Devil (the only way to defeat him) and won. King Darius was in despair but there was no doubt rejoicing in heaven that night.
3. Consider the blessings that can come when God’s people are faithful under persecution
The church father Tertullian once said that the blood of the martyrs is the seed of the church. It can be demonstrated that very often the church knows its greatest growth in times of persecution. We do not court persecution but we recognise that even in the midst of it great good can come, as here.
1. It is an anxious time when God’s people are under persecution. In verse 18 we are told that after Daniel had been put in the lions’ den the king returned to his palace and spent the night without eating and without any entertainment being brought to him. And he could not sleep. Why? Because he was full of anxiety. He could think of nothing else but Daniel and how because of his own vanity and foolishness he had been tricked into signing his death warrant. Verse 19 At the first light of dawn, the king got up and hurried to the lions’ den. There was still hope. Perhaps, somehow Daniel had survived the night. It inevitably reminds us of the women going to Jesus’s tomb on the first day of the week. They did not even have as much hope as this pagan king had for Daniel. Verse 20 When he came near the den, he called to Daniel in an anguished voice, Daniel, servant of the living God, has your God, whom you serve continually, been able to rescue you from the lions? His voice, you can imagine, was full of anxiety. Could it possibly be that Daniel was yet alive? Imagine his relief when he heard Daniel’s voice (21) O king, live for ever! He was alive. He’d survived! God had preserved him. He is the God who raises the dead. He rescue Daniel’s friends from Nebuchadnezzar’s fiery furnace. He rescued Daniel from the lions’ den. And we know that he raised Jesus from the dead. If you are a Christian today, you know too that you were once dead in your sins but he has raised you to live for him. You will die one day but that is not the end, the glories of heaven lie ahead.
Nevertheless, having said all that, there are anxious times. Persecution is a difficult time and until we know its outcome it’s easy to be anxious. This is where faith is important. We have every reason to believe that blessing will come even in persecution, especially in times of persecution. See the end of Romans 8.
2. Yet blessings can come when they are faithful under it.
1 They often survive through God’s mercy and justice. That’s what happened in Daniel’s case. Daniel says (22) My God sent his angel, and he shut the mouths of the lions. They have not hurt me, because I was found innocent in his sight. Nor have I ever done any wrong before you, O king. God used one of his higher creatures to prevent one of his lower creatures doing what came naturally and destroying another of his creatures, the creatures in whom he shows more interest than any other. Or perhaps it was the Second person of the Trinity himself who cam to Daniel’s aid. God often does such things.
2 What joy there is when they do. Verse 23 The king was overjoyed and gave orders to lift Daniel out of the den. And when Daniel was lifted from the den, no wound was found on him, because he had trusted in his God. It is wonderful when we read of noble martyrs giving their lives in the cause of Christ. It is even more wonderful when we read of others being rescued from death as a reward for their faith. We do not say one is better than another but we recognise God’s sovereignty to do as he pleases.
3 God can swiftly turn the tables on his enemies and often does. Verse 24 At the king’s command, the men who had falsely accused Daniel were brought in and thrown into the lions’ den, along with their wives and children. And before they reached the floor of the den, the lions overpowered them and crushed all their bones. This often happens. Something similar happened when those who threw Daniel’s friends into the furnace died doing it and when the Egyptians drowned trying to follow the Israelites into the Red Sea. Think of how evil Haman was hanged on the gallows he intended for Mordecai. God deals with his enemies.
4 Faithfulness can lead to open doors for people to learn about the truth. Verses 25 and 26 Then King Darius wrote to all the peoples, nations and men of every language throughout the land: May you prosper greatly! I issue a decree that in every part of my kingdom people must fear and reverence the God of Daniel. Darius drew attention to the fact that he is the living God and he endures forever; his kingdom will not be destroyed, his dominion will never end. Verse 27 He rescues and he saves; he performs signs and wonders in the heavens and on the earth. A heroic stand for Christ, whether ending in life or death, can have a lasting impact.
5 Times of persecution are often followed by times of prosperity for God’s people. Verse 28 is worth noting So Daniel prospered during the reign of Darius and the reign of Cyrus the Persian. Daniel not only prospered in the time of Darius but on into the next reign too. What blessings come when we are faithful!
Soon the judgement will be here – not the lions’ den of some eastern potentate but the searching examination that God himself will conduct on that day when the righteous in Christ will be saved and the wicked will be sent to hell. Don’t be like those wicked despisers who died. Don’t be like Darius who understood so much but never trusted in the Lord. Be like Daniel. Keep looking to the Lord and be holy and pure always.

A call to prayer, reading and meditation (Sermon 9)

Date 20 01 02 Text Daniel 9 Place Childs Hill Baptist Church

We have considered Daniel under two kings so far – under two Babylonian kings Nebuchadnezzar and under his grandson Belshazzar. Daniel also served under two Medo-Persian kings. In Chapters 9 and 6 we read of two things that happened to him under King Darius the Mede. As is often the case, we don’t know anything about Darius except what we find in the Bible. We are told that he was a Mede by descent and that he was the son of Xerxes {Ahasuerus} and that he was made ruler over the Babylonian {Chaldean} kingdom, presumably by Cyrus the Persian. What we read of in Daniel 9 happened In the first year of Darius. His example here is a clarion call to three basic Christian disciplines – prayer, reading and meditation.
1. A call to read God’s Word
By this time Daniel is probably about 82. We say that because he probably came to Babylon as an exile in 605 BC when he would have been about 14. Some 68 years had now passed, almost the full 70 of the exile period. In this period he has seen the power of Babylon come and go. His own popularity has waxed and then waned and then waxed again so that he was again beginning to be honoured and respected. Through it all, he has remained faithful. Come rain or shine he has continued to look confidently to the Lord. He has continued to trust in him.
As the chapter opens then we can picture this old man with his long white beard – not in the palace or going about his civic duties - but sat at home. There is a lamp on the table, perhaps, and before him he has a great scroll opened and he is pouring over its contents. It is part of Daniel’s Bible. No slimline pocket editions from the Bible Societies in those days. Rather each book of the Old Testament was available only on handwritten scrolls. The scroll Daniel has at this present moment is the prophecy of Jeremiah. When Daniel was a boy back in Judah Jeremiah had been preaching. Perhaps Daniel could remember having heard him preach. As he read from the prophecy perhaps he could picture him in his minds’ eye. As he read from Jeremiah he discovered something quite remarkable that had either escaped his attention previously or came home to him with new force. In verse 2 he tells us how in the first year of Darius I, Daniel, understood from the Scriptures, according to the word of the LORD given to Jeremiah the prophet, that the desolation of Jerusalem would last 70 years. Jeremiah’s prophecy wouldn’t have had chapters or verses then but today we can see that Daniel must have been reading Jeremiah 25:8-11 and especially 29:10-14.
25:8-11 Because you have not listened to my words, I will summon all the peoples of the north and my servant Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, declares the LORD, and I will bring them against this land and its inhabitants and against all the surrounding nations. I will completely destroy them and make them an object of horror and scorn, and an everlasting ruin. I will banish from them the sounds of joy and gladness, the voices of bride and bridegroom, the sound of millstones and the light of the lamp. This whole country will become a desolate wasteland, and these nations will serve the king of Babylon for 70 years.
29:10-14 When 70 years are completed for Babylon, I will come to you and fulfil my gracious promise to bring you back to this place. For I know the plans I have for you, declares the LORD, plans to prosper you and not to harm you, plans to give you hope and a future. Then you will call upon me and come and pray to me, and I will listen to you. You will seek me and find me when you seek me with all your heart. I will be found by you, declares the LORD, and will bring you back from captivity. I will gather you from all the nations and places where I have banished you, declares the LORD, and will bring you back to the place from which I carried you into exile
Can you imagine Daniel reading this and remembering his childhood days? If you grew up in one place as a child you will know how the memory of it is burned into you with an intensity nothing can match. I grew up in Cwmbran, as you know. Things like the route to the shops or school or chapel, are burned into the retina of my mind with an amazing depth. For Daniel, of course, besides all this, there was the Temple itself and all it meant. We know that he would open his windows and pray towards that temple three times every day. That’s where his heart was. And now he saw that the people of God were going to be returning there in just two years time. The Babylonians had come and gone and God clearly had plans for his people. But what about the calling on God and praying to him? Who was doing this? And so on the basis of what he read Daniel set to praying. Verse 3 So I turned to the Lord God and pleaded with him in prayer and petition, in fasting, and in sackcloth and ashes. Before we turn to his prayer let’s note some lessons found in these 3 verses.
Applications
1. Do not neglect the Word.
2. Look for applications to your situation. They are there – not in the newspaper way some imagine but what we need to know is there.
3. Reading should lead not to complacency but to prayer. Daniel did not say ‘O that’s good, I look forward to it. Rather, he began to pray earnestly for its fulfilment.
2. A call to pray to the Lord
It is interesting that in the Books of Ezra, Nehemiah and Daniel, in the ninth chapter of each we have a great prayer, one from each of these three great and holy men. In each case, these great prayers have something to teach us about how to go about praying to God in our day. Here in Daniel’s prayer we notice a number of things. Daniel’s prayer is characterised by seven things that ought to characterise our prayers too.
1. Pray with seriousness. Perhaps this goes without saying but there is an attitude about that we can engage in prayer lightly or casually, even with humour. This flies in the face of all we learn in Scripture. Daniel is in utter seriousness as he approaches the throne of grace here. Daniel prayed three times a day at normal times but this was a special season of extended prayer. In verse 3 he says So I turned to the Lord God and pleaded with him in prayer and petition, in fasting, and in sackcloth and ashes. The accompanying actions demonstrated how serious he was.
2. Pray with reverence. Daniel was clearly intimate with God but there is no ‘pallyness’ here. Look how he begins (4) O Lord, the great and awesome God.
3. Pray with penitence. The burden of this prayer is confession. I prayed to the LORD my God and confessed he says in verse 4. In verse 20 he refers to speaking and praying, confessing my sin and the sin of my people Israel and making my request to the LORD my God for his holy hill. He confesses his own sin and the sins of his people. He identifies with them. We must do the same. Do we?
5-8 We have sinned and done wrong he says We have been wicked and have rebelled; we have turned away from your commands and laws. We have not listened to your servants the prophets, who spoke in your name to our kings, our princes and our fathers, and to all the people of the land. Lord, you are righteous, but this day we are covered with shame - the men of Judah and people of Jerusalem and all Israel, both near and far, in all the countries where you have scattered us because of our unfaithfulness to you. O LORD, we and our kings, our princes and our fathers are covered with shame because we have sinned against you.
4. Pray with submissiveness. He makes no excuses for their guilt. He does not complain. We must do the same. Do we?
10-16 We have not obeyed the LORD our God or kept the laws he gave us through his servants the prophets. All Israel has transgressed your law and turned away, refusing to obey you. Therefore the curses and sworn judgements written in the Law of Moses, the servant of God, have been poured out on us, because we have sinned against you. You have fulfilled the words spoken against us and against our rulers by bringing upon us great disaster. Under the whole heaven nothing has ever been done like what has been done to Jerusalem. Just as it is written in the Law of Moses, all this disaster has come upon us, yet we have not sought the favour of the LORD our God by turning from our sins and giving attention to your truth. The LORD did not hesitate to bring the disaster upon us, for the LORD our God is righteous in everything he does; yet we have not obeyed him. Now, O Lord our God, who brought your people out of Egypt with a mighty hand and who made for yourself a name that endures to this day, we have sinned, we have done wrong. … Our sins and the iniquities of our fathers have made Jerusalem and your people an object of scorn to all those around us.
5. Pray with confidence. It is important to notice that though Daniel is very penitent and submissive, he is yet full of confidence in the Lord. We need that blend in our prayers so much. He addresses the Lord not only as awesome but also as the one who keeps his covenant of love with all who love him and obey his commands. In verse 9 we have the same note, The Lord our God is merciful and forgiving, even though we have rebelled against him. The prayer ends with a confident plea to God’s mercy (18, 19)
Give ear, O God, and hear; open your eyes and see the desolation of the city that bears your Name. We do not make requests of you because we are righteous, but because of your great mercy. O Lord, listen! O Lord, forgive! O Lord, hear and act! For your sake, O my God, do not delay, because your city and your people bear your Name.
God is merciful. We cannot presume on that mercy but we can be confident about it.
6. Pray with particularisation. One problem we often have in prayer is that we are not specific enough. Daniel is not like that at all. He is very specific:
16 O Lord, in keeping with all your righteous acts, turn away your anger and your wrath from Jerusalem, your city, your holy hill … 17 Now, our God, hear the prayers and petitions of your servant. For your sake, O Lord, look with favour on your desolate sanctuary. 18 … see the desolation of the city that bears your Name … 19 … O Lord, listen! O Lord, forgive! O Lord, hear and act!
7. Pray with persuasiveness. Finally, note how although Daniel does not make demands as such he is very persuasive. He uses all the arguments he can muster. This also ought to characterise our prayers. Cf 15 Now, O Lord our God, who brought your people out of Egypt with a mighty hand and who made for yourself a name that endures to this day, we have sinned, we have done wrong. Note the reminder of who these people were and how God had worked for them in the past. 16 O Lord, in keeping with all your righteous acts, turn away your anger and your wrath from Jerusalem, your city, your holy hill … 17-19 … For your sake, O Lord, look with favour on your desolate sanctuary. … see the desolation of the city that bears your Name … For your sake, O my God, do not delay, because your city and your people bear your Name. How often do we pray like that?
3. A call to meditate on the Lord’s future plan
Thirdly, we come to the matter of meditation and especially the call to meditate on God’s future plan. If we really want to pray and read Scripture then meditation or contemplation must go with it. It’s clear here that it was as Daniel meditated and reflected on what he’d read in Jeremiah, as he revolved it in his mind, that it began to sink in that he was near the end of the exile. As he was thinking about these 70 years, God sent Gabriel to him again and he was given something more to reflect on.
In verses 20, 21 he tells us while I was still in prayer, Gabriel, the man I had seen in the earlier vision, came to me in swift flight about the time of the evening sacrifice (3 pm).
1. Important general insights. Initially Gabriel says two very interesting things
22 He instructed me and said to me, Daniel, I have now come to give you insight and understanding. It as we meditate on God’s Word and pray about it that insight and understanding come. If we simply forget about what we read and don’t pray in the light of it we will have no insight and no proper understanding.
23 As soon as you began to pray, an answer was given, which I have come to tell you, for you are highly esteemed. Daniel was highly esteemed in heaven. The angels knew about him. Do they know about you? Daniel is assured here that as soon as he started to pray an answer was given. Are you tempted to leave replying to things? Usually it’s best to make an immediate reply and then if there is a delay at least it won’t be so bad. By this time it is afternoon but, we are told, the actual answer was given as soon as Daniel prayed. We do not know the reason for the delay but it assures us that even though answers to prayer may take some time in coming from our point of view the norm is for them to be immediately answered.
2. Important specific insights. Gabriel then goes on to reveal something new to Daniel. Therefore, consider the message and understand the vision: he says (24) Seventy ‘sevens’ are decreed for your people and your holy city (Jerusalem). Now we cannot be sure about how to take these sevens but it would seem most likely that each seven stands for approximately seven years and so we are talking about a period of around 490 years. If we take that as starting from the decree of Cyrus in about 535 it brings us to a period just over 40 years before the birth of Christ. There would be a shortfall then but we must take these figures as very round numbers. That it must be the events concerning Christ’s coming that are referred to here is clear.
Gabriel talks about a series of things that are going to happen in this period. These years are decreed
1 To finish transgression and to put an end to sin. There was a day coming Daniel is told when God would deal with transgression and sin. He would bring them to an end. And that is what he has done in the Lord Jesus Christ. He has finished with transgression, he has brought sin to an end. We do not see the completion of the task yet by any means but it is under way. From the cross the words It is finished! have sounded out.
2 To atone for wickedness. More specifically there is a reference to the work of Christ in dying on the cross to atone for the wickedness of men. He has paid the price of atonement by dying as a substitute.
3 To bring in everlasting righteousness. Here is the positive side. He has brought in an eternal righteousness that can be yours through trust in him.
4 To seal up vision and prophecy. When Christ comes then all the visions and prophecies of the Old Testament era will find their fulfilment in him. Revelation will come to an end. It will be sealed up. And that is what happened. Within the first century of Christ’s coming the Scriptures were complete as we have them today, Old and New Testaments. They are not to be subtracted from or added to. They are sufficient for us.
5 To anoint the most holy {one}. How was all this possible? As we’ve been saying, it was through the anointing of the Most Holy One. It was through the Messiah or Christ, who we know is Jesus of Nazareth.
In verses 25-27 Gabriel goes into some more detail about the coming 490 years by dividing it into three unequal sections. There will be three periods
  • One of seven ‘sevens’. 25 Know and understand this: From the issuing of the decree to restore and rebuild Jerusalem until the Anointed One, the ruler, comes, there will be seven ‘sevens’, (49 years) and (then) 62 ‘sevens’ (434 years). It will be rebuilt with streets and a trench, but in times of trouble. So the first period will be one of some 49 years. During that period Cyrus would issue his decree for the return of the Jews to the Promised Land. God would raise up Ezra, Nehemiah, Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi to encourage the people. Jerusalem would be rebuilt.
  • One of 62 ‘sevens’ 26 After the 62 ‘sevens’ (434 years) – this period is passed over in silence and that is just what it was, a period of silence, what we often call the inter-testamental period when there was no revelation from God until John the Baptist.
  • Another ‘seven’ (7 years). The final seven is when
    • (26) the Anointed One will be cut off and will have nothing … The end will come like a flood: War will continue until the end, and desolations have been decreed. 27 He will confirm a covenant with many for one ‘7’. The Lord Jesus would bear the wrath of God and be rejected by men. He would set up the new covenant at that time.
    • Also (26) The people of the ruler who will come will destroy the city and the sanctuary. 27 … In the middle of the ‘7’ he will put an end to sacrifice and offering. And on a wing of the temple he will set up an abomination that causes desolation, until the end that is decreed is poured out on him {it}. The end of the sacrificial system came because he died on the cross – the once for all sacrifice fulfilling the types. With Jerusalem’s overthrow in 70 AD by the Romans under Titus it became impossible. The Romans again set up idols there. It is difficult to be sure about detail but once again we see the accuracy with which Daniel half a millennium before the coming of Messiah is able to see the future so clearly by the grace of God. What a comfort to him to know that sin was going to be dealt with. We are looking, of course, not to the first coming but the second. Sin has been dealt with in part, praise God and there is more to come. It is right that we meditate on God’s Word as we also look to the future which is entirely his hands.

A warning message for hardened sinners (Sermon 8)

Date 13 01 02 Text Daniel 5 Place Childs Hill Baptist Church

What I have for you this morning I have entitled ‘A warning message for hardened sinners’. We are all sinners, of course, we have all sinned and fallen short of God’s glory and need to repentant. From the moment we know that we ought to repent and yet do not do that, we are hardened sinners, sinners who have resisted the gospel. When I say ‘This is a message for hardened sinners’ you may think to yourself ‘Does that mean me?’ If you know you ought to repent and trust in Jesus Christ but you haven’t done that then you are a hardened sinner. There is such a thing as being more or less hardened. The case we have here of Belshazzar is an example of someone far gone in hardening his heart. He stands as a warning to all who have hardened their hearts or are tempted to harden their hearts.
Daniel Chapter 5 is a famous chapter of the Bible. Perhaps you know it well. You may have seen pictures of the fingers writing their message of judgement on the wall. In English we have that saying don’t we ‘The writing is on the wall’? It means as here ‘A disaster is about to happen’. I want us to look both at Belshazzar, a hardened sinner who we must not follow and Daniel the preacher whose message we must all heed if we are to avoid the disaster that came to Belshazzar.
As we have said before, Daniel’s service under four kings is covered in this book. We have looked at his service under King Nebuchadnezzar in Chapters 1-4 and then the two visions he had (Chapters 7 and 8) in the early years of Belshazzar. Now we come to the last year of Belshazzar, some 50 years after Daniel arrived in Babylon as a young boy. We know from elsewhere that Belshazzar was the son of Nabonidus who was the king who succeeded Nebuchadnezzar. Nebuchadnezzar reigned c 605-562 and Nabonidus 556-539, the last six years involving a co-regency. For the last 10 years of his reign Nabonidus was away fighting in central Arabia. It would seem that Belshazzar, the crown prince, reigned in that period. Much of the power was with the Queen Mother who appears to feature in this chapter.
It is clear that by this time Daniel is a forgotten man. Since Nebuchadnezzar’s time he has been marginalised, sidelined, forgotten. God still remembers him, of course, but to Belshazzar he is a nobody, until suddenly the king sees he is the most important man in the kingdom – but it is too late. It’s like doctors and nurses. Who worries about where to find one when they are well. But when you are sick and in need – that’s a different situation. Who needs preachers? The hardened sinner comes to a sermon like this and he thinks ‘May be I’ll listen; may be I won’t. It doesn’t really matter.’ Such an attitude could cost you your life.
Let’s look at Belshazzar and at Daniel then, Belshazzar the hardened sinner and Daniel the faithful preacher, and at what happened in far away Babylon so long ago.
1. Hardened sinners
1. Their character
1 They ignore the truth. It is staggering to think that although Belshazzar had grown up in Daniel’s life time and must have at least heard about what happened to his grandfather – the dreams and Daniel’s interpretations and the period of madness and the decree to worship the true God, etc, yet he did nothing about all that. He just ignored it. He forgot about it. Are you the same? Beware.
2 They live for pleasure. The very first thing we read about Belshazzar is in verse 1 King Belshazzar gave a great banquet for a thousand of his nobles and drank wine with them. I suppose it could be taken as a note of the generosity of Belshazzar or his conviviality but bearing in mind everything else that we read here about him it points to a sensuality, a lust for pleasure, that was allowed to dominate everything else. At this very time the Persians and the Medes were drawing ever closer yet Beklshazzar was intent on having his feast, the very last thing he ever did. Are you like that? Are you impelled by the desire for enjoyment? Are you driven by the pleasure principle? Is having a good time all that matters to you? Beware.
3 They blaspheme against God. We are told in verses 2 and 3 that While Belshazzar was drinking his wine, he gave orders to bring in the gold and silver goblets that Nebuchadnezzar his father (ie grandfather) had taken from the temple in Jerusalem, so that the king and his nobles, his wives and his concubines might drink from them. So they brought in the gold goblets that had been taken from the temple of God in Jerusalem, and the king and his nobles, his wives and his concubines drank from them. Nebuchadnezzar was a sinful man. It was wrong for him to have destroyed the Temple as he did. How much worse was Belshazzar to act as he did, however. Yet this is the tendency of the hardened sinner. He shows no reverence. He jokes about holy things. He makes light of them and uses them as if they were his to do as he likes with. Another warning, especially to those so familiar with these things.
4 They worship idols. Verse 4 adds that As they drank the wine, they praised the gods of gold and silver, of bronze, iron, wood and stone. It is clear that what ever noises Nebuchadnezzar had made in favour of the true God, his kingdom had not changed. Indeed, we have evidence from elsewhere of him engaging in promoting idolatry on several fronts throughout his reign. Belshazzar and those with him were enslaved to the same empty and ridiculous system of idolatry that existed before Daniel came to Babylon. The idols are different today. Some are run by big business and the sports industry and others but it abounds. Do you worship idols? Is there a secret shrine in your heart to some idol? It will destroy you if you do not repent.
2. What it is like when God speaks directly to them
1 It is a supernatural and amazing thing. So you can imagine the scene. There is Belshazzar sat on his throne on a little platform at one end of the palace. All around him are a thousand nobles and their wives and concubines. They are laughing and singing and no doubt engaging in various sorts of lewd behaviour as they blasphemously drink form the holy cups and worship their idols. What a noise rises from the palace. Then suddenly everything stops. Why? Verse 5 tells us how Suddenly the fingers of a human hand appeared (just fingers not a hand) and wrote on the plaster of the wall, near the lampstand in the royal palace. The king watched the hand as it wrote. This is the finger of God suddenly speaking directly to Belshazzar. It is a supernatural thing. How amazing it is. How often God speaks like this we do not know but he certainly spoke to Belshazzar like it and left him with no excuse for his sin.
2 It is a frightening experience. Certainly all we know of God’s interaction with men leads us to see that such an encounter is a frightening thing indeed. We read of Belshazzar that His face turned pale and he was so frightened that his knees knocked together and his legs gave way. He could not have been more frightened.
3 It is incomprehensible to the sinner. Of course, although the writing was very plain and could easily be read by the king and all his nobles, what it meant was not nearly so clear. It is like the Bible. The Bible is clear but few who read it get to its heart. And so Belshazzar does just what his father did (7) The king called out for the enchanters, astrologers and diviners to be brought and said to these wise men of Babylon, Whoever reads this writing and tells me what it means will be clothed in purple and have a gold chain placed around his neck, and he will be made the third highest ruler in the kingdom. And exactly the same thing happened Then all the king’s wise men came in, but they could not read the writing or tell the king what it meant. It is the same today. Here is a person who wants to understand the Bible. He sees an advert. It’s for the Reader’s Digest Book of the Bible or something like that. He sends for it. He looks at the lovely pictures and diagrams. May be he even reads it. Does he understand the Bible? No. Such books won’t help him. It just makes him less sure that the Bible has the answer anyway. So he goes to a church and he has the same experience because the preacher is a false teacher.
4 Its incomprehensibility increases their fear. In verse 9 it says So King Belshazzar became even more terrified and his face grew more pale. His nobles were baffled. We can sympathise I’m sure. Maybe you know just how he felt. Judgement is obviously coming but how, from where? We are bewildered and in fear.
2. Faithful preachers
1. Their character
It is at this point that Daniel comes back into the story. Here comes a faithful preacher of the Word. Here is Belshazzar’s one last hope, the last opportunity to hear God’s message. Daniel has the character of a faithful preacher of God’s Word.
1 They are the only ones who can help sinners but the last ones they turn to. It is the queen or probably the Queen Mother who remembers Daniel and commends him to Belshazzar. She remembers what happened in Nebuchadnezzar’s reign. It’s alright she says to the king Daniel will sort it out Don’t be alarmed! Don’t look so pale! There is a man in your kingdom who has the spirit of the holy gods in him. In the time of your father he was found to have insight and intelligence and wisdom like that of the gods. King Nebuchadnezzar your father - your father the king, I say - appointed him chief of the magicians, enchanters, astrologers and diviners. There are various providences that lead us in the right direction. Despite our natural reluctance to listen to faithful preaching, God sometimes shuts us up so that we have to listen.
2 They are marked by wisdom and insight. In describing Daniel the queen majors on his intelligence and his ability to interpret. Verse 12 This man Daniel, whom the king called Belteshazzar, was found to have a keen mind and knowledge and understanding, and also the ability to interpret dreams, explain riddles and solve difficult problems. Call for Daniel, she says, therefore, and he will tell you what the writing means. Faithful preachers need a certain amount of intellectual ability, not necessarily academic, but they need to know the Bible well. They need to have an insight into its message. Otherwise, they can do no good. Daniel was such a man. We need more like him today. Pray that God will raise up more preachers. There is a desperate need for more and more such people.
3 They are men who know something about suffering. When Belshazzar meets Daniel he says (13) Are you Daniel, one of the exiles my father the king brought from Judah? This is a little reminder of the painful background that was Daniel’s. It brings back to mind what we learned in Chapter 1. It was long ago now but it had shaped who Daniel was – an exile, a man who had reluctantly left behind his homeland and been taken to Babylon and forced to learn its language and culture. I would venture to say that in the case of every faithful preacher there is an element of suffering. It is one of the things that God uses to prepare them for future ministry. In suffering, one thing we ought to keep in mind is how it may prepare us for future ministry.
4 They are not ambitious for worldly advantage. In verse 16 the king says If you can read this writing and tell me what it means, you will be clothed in purple and have a gold chain placed around your neck, and you will be made the third highest ruler in the kingdom (ie after Nablus and himself). This is the typical ‘money can fix everything’ sort of attitude so common in this world. Daniel is not interested in such things. His reply shows that he has not changed from the boy of 14 or 15 who chose to eat vegetables rather than defile himself with the king’s food. Verse 17 Then Daniel answered the king, You may keep your gifts for yourself and give your rewards to someone else. Nevertheless, I will read the writing for the king and tell him what it means. Daniel is willing to do all he can for the king but as for worldly reward, he is not interested. That is another mark of the faithful preacher, one to be cultivated by those who preach or aspire to preach and another way of telling if a man can be trusted or not. If he is after money or worldly fame then give him a wide berth.
2. What they have to say when they preach
Here is the most important thing.
1 They preach the sovereignty of God. Verse 18 O king, the Most High God gave your father Nebuchadnezzar sovereignty and greatness and glory and splendour. Daniel makes quite clear to Belshazzar where greatness comes from – from God alone. This is a mark of all faithful preaching – it points us to God. Look to him.
2 They preach against pride. Daniel then goes on to remind Belshazzar of things he well knew but had conveniently forgotten – of how powerful his grandfather Nebuchadnezzar had been, But (20) when his heart became arrogant and hardened with pride, he was deposed from his royal throne and stripped of his glory. He was driven away from people and given the mind of an animal; he lived with the wild donkeys and ate grass like cattle; and his body was drenched with the dew of heaven, until he acknowledged that the Most High God is sovereign over the kingdoms of men and sets over them anyone he wishes. Despite this incredibly graphic lesson Belshazzar had done nothing at all to humble himself before God. Verse 22 But you his son, O Belshazzar, have not humbled yourself, though you knew all this. Is that the situation with some of you this morning? You know that God hates pride. You know how he humbles sinners like Nebuchadnezzar and Herod and Belshazzar too. But have you humbled yourself before him? Have you bowed down in reverence to God? God resists the proud. What hope is there for you if you go on in arrogance and pride as you are?
3 They preach against ungodliness. In verse 23 Daniel describes how instead of humbling himself the king had Instead, set himself up against the Lord of heaven. You had the goblets from his temple brought to you, and you and your nobles, your wives and your concubines drank wine from them. You praised the gods of silver and gold, of bronze, iron, wood and stone, which cannot see or hear or understand. But you did not honour the God who holds in his hand your life and all your ways. Don’t you realise that God holds your life in his hands? He will soon judge you. Yet you live regardless of him. You do not worship him or serve him as you should. Your idols are far more precious to you.
4 They preach what God’s Word means. One of the most important things that preachers do is to explain the meaning of God’s Word. That is what we need – to know what God’s Word actually says. This is the heart of what we preach here. Obviously there is more than that involved but that is the heart of it, as here. If a preacher doesn’t explain to you what God’s Word says then he can do you little good.
3. The final message faithful preachers have for sinners
1 Your days are numbered and will soon end. Here Mene comes first. Daniel says God has numbered the days of your reign and brought it to an end. A mina is a peace of money and can mean numbered too. None of us lives forever. Soon we will be judged. Belshazzar had no time at all. Perhaps you only have a short time too. None of us has long.
2 You’ve been weighed and found wanting. Next comes Tekel. Daniel says You have been weighed on the scales and found wanting. A tekel is like a shekel, another unit of money or weight. It here means weighed. All our lives God is weighing us, sizing us up. He knows what we are really worth. All you have ever done has been assessed by God and you are being assessed now. You know you lack the weight. You know you cannot make it up. Christ alone can do that.
3 What you thought you had will be given to others. Peres{singular of Parsin} refers both to Persia, the nation that was about to take the kingdom, and means divided. It is also a half mina or a half shekel. Daniel says Your kingdom is divided and given to the Medes and Persians. Belshazzar was about to lose all he held dear, even his very life. Death awaits us all and if we are not in Christ even what we think we have will be irreparably lost. Wake up to your situation before it is too late.
3. What happens when hardened sinners ignore faithful preachers and do not repent
Daniel was faithful but Belshazzar obviously did not listen. Verse 29 Then at Belshazzar’s command, Daniel was clothed in purple, a gold chain was placed around his neck, and he was proclaimed the third highest ruler in the kingdom. Yet (30, 31) That very night Belshazzar, king of the Babylonians, was slain, and Darius the Mede took over the kingdom, at the age of 62. We know that is what happened. What about you? Are you repenting?

Learning from Daniel's Second Vision (Sermon 7)

Date 06 01 02 01 Text Daniel 8 Place Childs Hill Baptist Church
We’ve begun to study the Book of Daniel. As I’ve said before, one of the problems with it is that while the first six chapters are fairly straightforward the second six are much more difficult to follow. That is because the first half of the book is all about Daniel and his friends and what happened to them in far away Babylon, while the second half mainly features a series of visions that are quite difficult to follow in some places and sometimes hard to understand. Rather than keeping all that material to the end I’m following my father-in-law’s lead in his little book Daniel – Servant of God under four kings. There he groups the material from Daniel in respect to the four different kings who were reigning when the visions or events occurred. The first four chapters of Daniel, which we have looked at, relate events that all took place during the reign of Nebuchadnezzar, King of Babylon. When we come to Chapter 5 we find that a new king is in the palace – Belshazzar. We know from elsewhere that he was the son of Nabonidus, the king who succeeded Nebuchadnezzar. Nebuchadnezzar reigned c 605-562 and Nabonidus 556-539, the last six years involving a co-regency. For the last ten years of his reign Nabonidus was away fighting in central Arabia. It would seem that Belshazzar, the crown prince, reigned in that period. Much of the power was with the Queen Mother who is mentioned in Chapter 5.
Chapter 5 concerns the final hours of Belshazzar’s reign and the fall of Babylon. Chapter 7 relates a vision given to Daniel In the first year of Belshazzar king of Babylon. We have looked at that chapter. Chapter 8 begins similarly In the third year of King Belshazzar’s reign, I, Daniel, had a vision, after the one that had already appeared to me. So, chronologically, Chapters 7 and 8 come before Chapter 5. That’s why we are following this order. The vision of Chapter 8 overlaps with the previous two – the one in Chapter 7 and the one back in Chapter 2 that Nebuchadnezzar received. This one focuses in on part of what is covered in the others. Verse 1 gives the time of Daniel’s vision (In the third year of King Belshazzar). Daniel would have been in his sixties by this time. Babylon is still standing but its days are clearly numbered. Three things seem to emphasise this.
1. Unlike the other visions this one is described in Hebrew not Aramaic, the language of God’s people not that of their oppressors.
2. Also, unlike the previous night visions, this dream took place during the daytime. The day was coming.
3. In verse 2 we are told where the vision took place - In my vision I saw myself in the citadel of Susa in the province of Elam; in the vision I was beside the Ulai Canal. After Babylon’s collapse, this city was to become the capital of the Persian Empire that succeeded it. The Ulai was an artificially constructed canal some 900 feet wide linking two great rivers.
Let’s consider the vision then
1. Learn from Daniel’s vision that history is the unfolding of God’s plan and purpose
There are four features in particular that we need to note.
1. Ram. In verses 3 and 4 Daniel describes a two-horned ram charging about and doing as he pleased. One horn is longer than the other though it grows up later. This is a clear reference to the Medo-Persian Empire that would in just a few years overthrow the Babylonians. They were led by Darius the Mede at first but then Cyrus the Persian came to power. One of their symbols was a ram. See verse 20 The two-horned ram that you saw represents the kings of Media and Persia. As predicted here the Medes and Persians made gains towards the west and the north and the south though not the east. As verse 4 puts it No animal could stand against him, and none could rescue from his power. He did as he pleased and became great.
2. Goat. Then in verses 5-7 a one-horned goat appears flying in from the west. See verse 21 The shaggy goat is the king of Greece, and the large horn between his eyes is the first king. He defeats the ram by knocking him down and trampling him. This is a very vivid way of describing what happened in BC 336-323 following the death of Philip of Macedon and the rise of his son, Alexander the Great. First he defeated the Persians. See verses 6 and 7 He came towards the two-horned ram I had seen standing beside the canal and charged at him in great rage. I saw him attack the ram furiously, striking the ram and shattering his two horns. The ram was powerless to stand against him; the goat knocked him to the ground and trampled on him, and none could rescue the ram from his power. Before his early death at the age of 32 Alexander also rapidly carved out an empire stretching from Greece to India. See verse 5 As I was thinking about this, suddenly a goat with a prominent horn between his eyes came from the west, crossing the whole earth without touching the ground. Verse 8 The goat became very great ….
3. Four horns. Verse 8 goes on to tell how after the goat became great its long horn was broken off only to be replaced by four others. The goat became very great, but at the height of his power his large horn was broken off, and in its place four prominent horns grew up towards the four winds of heaven. This refers to the way, after Alexander’s death, his empire was shared out among four generals – Cassander (Macedonia), Lysimachus (Asia Minor, Thrace), Seleucius (Syria) and Ptolemy (Egypt). See verse 22 The four horns that replaced the one that was broken off represent four kingdoms that will emerge from his nation but will not have the same power. As quickly as they come so they go – the powers of this world.
4. Little horn. Then we come to the real focus of this chapter. From one of these horns another grows and in verses 9-12 his activities are described. He starts small but grew in power to the south and to the east and towards the Beautiful Land, that is Canaan. There can be no doubt that this is a reference to the Syrian ruler Antiochus Epiphanes IV. In fact, this is so clear that there have been people who wanted unfairly to deny that Daniel is prophecy at all. Antiochus arose out of humble obscurity in the Seleucid quarter. His single minded ruthlessness brought him to power in 175 BC. He saw victories over Egypt to the south and Armenia to the east before turning his attention to the Promised Land. Verse 10 says It grew until it reached the host of the heavens, and it threw some of the starry host down to the earth and trampled on them. This refers to how Antiochus persecuted not angels but God’s people (cf Exodus 7:4, 12:41). In verse 11 we are told that It set itself up to be as great as the Prince of the host; (ie God himself) it took away the daily sacrifice from him, and the place of his sanctuary was brought low. This refers to the Temple in Jerusalem which he desecrated. Verse 12 Because of rebellion, the host of the saints and the daily sacrifice were given over to it. It prospered in everything it did, and truth was thrown to the ground. What dark, dark days those were. He banned the Sabbath and circumcision, replaced Temple sacrifice with pagan prostitution and bitterly persecuted the Jews. God’s people suffered every kind of humiliation and brutality.
In verses 13 and 14 a holy one (an angel) appears and Daniel asks how long it would be until that part of the vision was fulfilled. How long would Antiochus go on with his persecution and blasphemy? Daniel is told It will take 2,300 evenings and mornings; then the sanctuary will be reconsecrated. If we take a year as being 360 days (probably the length of a biblical year) that adds up to six years and four months, just about the length of time that Antiochus’s outrages continued, ie 171-165 BC. When he went as far as replacing the Temple altar with a pagan one he precipitated the Maccabaean revolt that led to the recapture of the Temple. The sudden death of the stern-faced king and master of intrigue followed shortly after.
5. Applications. A number of lessons come to mind.
1 God knows the end from the beginning. What a comfort it was in the days of Antiochus for God’s people to have this prophecy. It’s a comfort to us today to know the future is in God’s hands. He knows all about it
2 He is in control. Not only does he know the future but he controls it too. Yes, he does allow evil men to grow in strength at times but he is also able to stop them just when he chooses.
3 He raises up tyrants and brings them down. It is important to remember that when an Antiochus, a Hitler, a Saddam rises to power then it is God who allows it. He also brings such people down. Ossamer bin Laden appears still to be at liberty but in the time of God’s choosing, not man’s, he will be brought to justice. [As has happened since this sermon was preached]
4. Some tyrants are worse than others. Antiochus was clearly far worse than any Babylonian or Persian ruler. There are some tyrants like that – evil men like Hitler and Stalin, Pol Pot and Mao Tse Tung who go very far indeed in their evil. We must recognise that fact.
5. When God allows his servants to suffer it is always for a limited time. This is one other word of comfort for all believers. The suffering does not go on incessantly.
2. Learn from the explanation of Daniel’s vision to look to God for revelation and victory
In verses 15-25 the vision is explained to Daniel. We’ve already drawn on some of these verses to confirm what we’ve said.
1. Look to God for revelation though you are weak and sinful
Daniel tells us that While he was watching the vision and trying to understand it, there before him stood one who looked like a man. This was Gabriel, an angel or heavenly messenger. He and Michael, named later in the book, are the only angels whose names we know. In verse 16 Daniel says And I heard a man’s voice from the Ulai calling, Gabriel, tell this man the meaning of the vision. Calvin is right when he suggests that this can be none other than the Second Person of the Trinity, the pre-incarnate Christ. So in obedience to Christ, Gabriel comes near to Daniel. Daniel says (17a) As he came near the place where I was standing, I was terrified and fell prostrate. This is what it is like when an angel draws near. What does Gabriel say? 17b Son of man, he said to me, understand that the vision concerns the time of the end – not the end of the world but the end of the troubles prophesied here. The presence of the angel is too much for Daniel and he becomes unconscious (18 While he was speaking to me, I was in a deep sleep, with my face to the ground. Then he touched me and raised me to my feet.) Gabriel then says (19) I am going to tell you what will happen later in the time of wrath, because the vision concerns the appointed time of the end. Or the end will be at the appointed time. Again we are thinking of the end of this present period of suffering for the Jews.
Daniel is clearly a weak and sinful man just like us but God speaks to him. Through this message he speaks to us this morning as well. Listen to the message.
2. Wicked men can do much harm but God will destroy them
In verses 20-22 follow the identifications we have already mentioned of the ram, goat and horns. Verses 23-35 concentrate on Antiochus, In the latter part of their reign, when rebels have become completely wicked, a stern-faced king, a master of intrigue, will arise. This well describes what we know from elsewhere about this evil and deceitful man. It seems that he would befriend influential and unscrupulous men to gain power and then drop them when he had achieved his aims. He was like a gangster with no redeeming features. It says He will become very strong, but not by his own power. He will cause astounding devastation and will succeed in whatever he does. He will destroy the mighty men and the holy people. He will cause deceit to prosper, and he will consider himself superior. When they feel secure, he will destroy many and take his stand against the Prince of princes - God himself. In his victories over others and his persecution of the holy people of God, in his blasphemies, deceit and pride, Antiochus did all this. His very title Epiphanes was a claim to be a manifestation of God himself.
But then note the end of verse 25 Yet he will be destroyed, but not by human power (Lit human hand). Remember how in Nebuchadnezzar’s vision it was without hands that the little rock that struck the statue was formed. In 5:5 it is fingers without a hand that write Belshazzar’s doom. So the hand of God would destroy even this wicked antichrist Antiochus Epiphanes. And he did die – suddenly from an unknown disease. Yes, we must expect antichrists. Many evil men have arisen and will arise, as hard as it is for us to imagine sometimes. However, as easily as they come so they also go. God removes them. We must believe both that evil men arise and that God removes them. We must be wise and cautious but we must also rejoice for God reigns.
3. God cares for his people and even the strongest foe is as nothing before him
I’m sure you’ve heard of Alexander and perhaps the Persian Empire but may be not Antiochus. That is partly because in terms of world history he usually merits few comments. However, there is a good deal about him here precisely because of the effect he had on God’s own people. This gives us a clue to how God looks at history. He sees it all in terms of his kingdom and his unfolding purposes. This should give us who believe encouragement and stands as a warning to those who dare to oppose him and his people.
To God Antiochus is just a little horn. What is the Persian Empire? A lopsided ram! As for Alexander the Great – just a goat charging about! This puts it all in perspective. A Hitler, a Stalin, an Osama Bin Laden, what can they do before God? Nothing!
3. Learn from the circumstances of Daniel’s vision about revelation and life
In verses 26 and 27 the vision is concluded and Daniel tells us what followed. There are lessons here too.
1. See that what God reveals is true. 26a The vision of the evenings and mornings that has been given you is true. This is not some story but history given before its time. Daniel was assured that it was true and so it proved. One of the reasons such prophecies are given in Scripture is to assure us that this Word is absolutely true and reliable. Believe every word.
2. See the need to safeguard revelation. 26b but seal up the vision, for it concerns the distant future. The Word had to be kept safe until the needed time. There is evidence that it was taken care of and other Scriptures similarly. Down the years God’s people have taken great care to preserve the Scriptures and to keep them separate and distinct from other literature. We also must have the same attitude to the Bible. Are you giving it pride of place in your life?
3. Recognise the overwhelming nature of such revelations. 27a I, Daniel, was exhausted and lay ill for several days. Receiving such a revelation was no picnic. Daniel was severely debilitated by the whole experience. He didn’t come from it jumping and joking. This is typical of what happens when people experience a genuine encounter with God. It is important for us to realise the affect such encounters are likely to produce.
4. The need to go on living faithfully. But note verse 27b Then I got up and went about the king’s business. Daniel did not give up his job or spend his days anxiously waiting for another such experience. He got on with the work in hand. Again, he is an example to us of how to live. He saw no immediate unfolding of the vision but he waited for God’s time.
5. The mysterious nature of God’s revelations. Finally we read, verse 27c, I was appalled by the vision; it was beyond understanding. Daniel did not think ‘Ah now I know everything’. Even with this revelation, he still remained ignorant of many things. It was also clear that times of persecution were ahead for God’s people – he himself had not faced his biggest test in the lions’ den. We too know only in part. Many mysteries remain and who knows what lies ahead for us as individuals. Let’s be sober minded and serious.
4. One final lesson
We think of Gabriel mostly in connection with the birth of Jesus and John the Baptist. He is the one who announced that these births were to take place. Interestingly, as Stuart Olyott points out in his Welwyn commentary, when John was born his father Zechariah spoke these words – Luke 1:68, 69 Praise be to the Lord, the God of Israel, because he has come and has redeemed his people. He has raised up a horn of salvation for us in the house of his servant David. There are several horns in Daniel 8. They stand for various princely powers. It is good that we remember, as we close, that God has his horn of power too. In the rest of the New Testament he is described not as a charging ram or a shaggy goat but the Lamb of God. When all the rams and goats of history are gone, the Lamb will remain. See Revelation 5:12, 13 In a loud voice they sang: Worthy is the Lamb, who was slain, to receive power and wealth and wisdom and strength and honour and glory and praise! Then I heard every creature in heaven and on earth and under the earth and on the sea, and all that is in them, singing: To him who sits on the throne and to the Lamb be praise and honour and glory and power, for ever and ever! All other power is passing. In everything look only and always to him.

Important things to understand & consider about the world's kingdoms & God's kingdom (Sermon 6)

Date 25 11 01 Text Daniel 7 Place Childs Hill Baptist Church
I first studied the Book of Daniel when I was a young teenager. One of the problems I noticed with it then was that although the first six chapters are fairly straightforward, the next six are much more difficult to follow. That is because whereas the first six chapters are all about Daniel and his friends and what happened to them in far away Babylon, the second six mostly feature a series of visions that are quite difficult to follow in some places and often hard to understand.
Rather than keeping all that material to the end I thought I would follow the lead of my father-in-law Geoff Thomas who has a little book called Daniel – Servant of God under four kings. What he does is to group the material from Daniel in respect to the four different kings who were reigning when the visions or events occurred. The first four chapters of Daniel relate events that all took place during the reign of Nebuchadnezzar, King of Babylon. When we come to Chapter 5 we find that a new king is in the palace – Belshazzar. We know from elsewhere that Belshazzar was the son of Nabonidus who was the king who succeeded Nebuchadnezzar. Nebuchadnezzar reigned c 605-562 and Nabonidus 556-539, the last 6 years involving a co-regency. For the last 10 years of his reign Nabonidus was away fighting in central Arabia. It would seem that Belshazzar, the crown prince, reigned in that period. Much of the power was with the Queen Mother who is mentioned in Daniel 5.
Daniel 5 is about the final hours of Belshazzar’s reign and the fall of Babylon. Chapter 7 begins In the first year of Belshazzar king of Babylon, Daniel had a dream, and visions passed through his mind as he was lying on his bed. He wrote down the substance of his dream. Chronologically then Chapter 7 (and 8) comes before Chapter 5 and so we will look at it first.
Chapter 7 is the last chapter in Aramaic, the language of the Babylonians. The rest of the Book is in Hebrew. We do not know for sure but probably after this point in time the coming end of Babylon’s time of superiority was obvious to Daniel. Also despite his centrality during the reign of Nebuchadnezzar, Daniel was very much marginalised by this time – a forgotten man. By the first year of Belshazzar, Daniel was in his early sixties. Perhaps he thought his life’s work was pretty much at an end but that was not the case. In earlier chapters we read of Daniel interpreting Nebuchadnezzar’s dream but here it is Daniel himself who has a vision. Although it is similar in some ways to what we read in Chapter 2, it is markedly different and there is a good deal for us to learn from what Daniel wrote down of the substance of his dream. It is good from time to time to focus on the bigger picture like this. We were forced to do that on September 11 this year but memories of that are fading and as we approach Christmas, a rather self-centred and certainly a more home centred time of the year, it is good to remind ourselves of the big picture.
1. Understand and consider six important things about the kingdoms of this world
1. The kingdoms of this world are in a constant state of flux
When I was a student in Aberystwyth I lived right by the seaside. It was wonderful to look out on the that vast expanse and especially at night during the winter months to see the incredible storms that could sometimes brew up. The sea would throw huge rocks up so that most of the halls of residence would board up their fronts and use the back entrances for a few months. Of course, if you go far out to sea storms can be even worse. There is constant flux, constant change. Right at the beginning of his dream, Daniel tells us, that is what he saw. He was far from any sea at the time but he says (2) In my vision at night I looked, and there before me were the four winds of heaven churning up the great sea. Imagine it. Now it is out of this sea that the beasts that are mentioned come and there is clearly a symbolism here. The sea points to the constant change, the turmoil that characterises the kingdoms or nations of this world. One rises, another falls; one is thrown done, another begins to surface. This way and that way there is constant shifting, incessant variation. Some of you remember when Britain had a great empire – all that is almost gone. You can remember when Germany and Italy were world powers, or potentially so at least. Some of us can remember when we spoke of two world powers – Russia as well as America. It isn’t so long ago that the Ottoman Empire came to an end and before that there have been other rises and falls. There is nothing fixed about the nations’ power. It comes and goes. The same thing can be said not only about political power but financial and economic power too. Only this week the third largest company in America collapsed. Even just in the last few years there have been any number of fluctuations and changes so that fortunes have been won and lost. There is only constant change. That is why it is foolish to put your trust in princes or in any worldly leader. Such power cannot last.
2. The kingdoms of this world are often brutal in their ways. Back in Chapter 2 we read of Nebuchadnezzar’s dream of a splendid statue representing the world’s succeeding empires, the same ones as are represented here. Here the imagery used is that of great beasts rather than magnificent statuary in precious metal. There the emphasis was on the fading glory of the world’s kingdoms. Here it is on their brutality, their harshness and animal menace. Empires and nations like to use beasts in their symbols and are often spoken of in such terms to this day – American Eagle, British Lion, Russian Bear, Chinese Dragon, etc. A book came out a few years ago on the re-emergence of fascism. It was called The beast re-awakens. The Bible does not suggest that there is nothing noble, nothing attractive about the kingdoms of this world but here (and again in Revelation 13) it uses this beast imagery to remind us that when such kingdoms get going they can be like huge almost unstoppable beasts with a life of their own.
3. Different kingdoms have differing characteristics. Daniel says that there were (3) Four great beasts, each different from the others, that came up out of the sea. He then describes them. We can be quite sure about which kingdoms he has in mind.
1 Babylon. (4) The first was like a lion, and it had the wings of an eagle. I watched until its wings were torn off and it was lifted from the ground so that it stood on two feet like a man, and the heart of a man was given to it. If you go down to the British Museum you can see representations of winged lions from Babylon. They would have been a familiar sight to Daniel. The lion is king of beasts and the eagle of birds and so for the first superpower, which is what Babylon was, this is an appropriate image. Of course, we have read of the experiences of Nebuchadnezzar in Chapters 1-4 and the humanising process that went on in his own life no doubt came into play in the life of his empire too. This reminds us that humanising tendencies can begin to dominate in even the most pagan and atheistic empires.
2 Medo-Persia. In Daniel’s own life time Babylon was taken by the Persians and the Medes. They are represented second again. Verse 5 And there before me was a second beast, which looked like a bear. It was raised up on one of its sides, and it had three ribs in its mouth between its teeth. It was told, Get up and eat your fill of flesh! When we are thinking of rapacious and dangerous animals the bear probably comes to mind. The choice is appropriate here as the bear is a slower, more lumbering sort of creature. This empire was a combined one of Medes and Persians and so it is not surprising that a distinction is made - It was raised up on one of its sides, perhaps pointing to the difference between the Medes and the more aggressive Persians. There was a voraciousness about the Persian empire well pictured by the image of a bear with its mouth full being urged to eat its full. The humanising tendency of the Babylonian situation is not here. Humanising tendencies are not to be assumed then. Some empires never lose their desire for more and more conquests.
3 Greece. Verse 6 After that, I looked, and there before me was another beast, one that looked like a leopard. And on its back it had four wings like those of a bird. This beast had four heads, and it was given authority to rule. The amazingly swift series of conquests that Alexander the Great was able to accomplish are almost legendary. It was an amazing feat of skill and speed. The appropriateness of the leopard as a symbol of his swift success is obvious to anyone who knows the amazing story. The double pair of wings only adds to the vision of speed. The four heads point to the early splitting of the kingdom among Alexander’s generals. Four also points to the four points of the compass – a spreading out in every direction. Again, empires can grow up very swiftly. They may be divided up and yet spread far and wide. Each one is different.
4 Rome. Verse 7 After that, in my vision at night I looked, and there before me was a fourth beast - terrifying and frightening and very powerful. It had large iron teeth; it crushed and devoured its victims and trampled underfoot whatever was left. It was different from all the former beasts, and it had ten horns. Later, in verse 19, Daniel amplifies that the fourth beast, which was different from all the others and most terrifying had not only iron teeth but also bronze claws - the beast that crushed and devoured its victims and trampled underfoot whatever was left. Here is a beast that is quite different to the others. Daniel does not even know what to call it. It is more like a machine than a beast as such, crushing underfoot and devouring its victims with large iron teeth. This well epitomises the character of the Roman Empire. Then just as the legs of Nebuchadnezzar’s statue had 10 toes so here we read of ten horns on this beast. Verse 8 While I was thinking about the horns, says Daniel there before me was another horn, a little one, which came up among them; and three of the first horns were uprooted before it. This horn had eyes like the eyes of a man and a mouth that spoke boastfully. It is this fourth beast that Daniel most wants to know about when he asks later for an explanation of the vision. We too would like to know just what the 10 horns and the little horn stand for. For the moment, let us simply note that some evil regimes turn into indescribable monsters, half-beast half-machine in their fury.
4. As time goes on, the more evil the kingdoms of this world become. We have seen how these beasts get worse as we go along. What about these 10 horns on the last of them? In verses 24, 25 Daniel is told The 10 horns are 10 kings who will come from this kingdom. After them another king will arise, different from the earlier ones; he will subdue three kings. He will speak against the Most High and oppress his saints and try to change the set times and the laws. The saints will be handed over to him for a time, times and half a time. This is not an easy passage but it is doubtful if the answer will be found by identifying the horns with particular individuals or nations. We are talking rather about a number of powers with their roots, in some sense, in the Roman Empire. From their own midst another leader will arise, subduing some of those other kings in the process. The fact that he will speak against the Most High and oppress his saints reminds us that the Bible speaks of Antichrist, the personification of opposition to Christ. Some identify the anti-Christ with the Pope and one can see how that make sense from this passage. I think that, as John suggests, it is more the spirit of antichrist that we need to be on the look out for because even if there is one final Antichrist at the every end of time, before then there will be many antichrists. Here he is said to be one who will be (verses 20 and 24, 25)
A proud subduer of those whoa re weaker. The horn that looked more imposing than the others and that had eyes and a mouth that spoke boastfully.
A blasphemer of God. He will speak against the Most High.
A persecutor of Christians. And oppress his saints
An interfering meddler with creation and law. And try to change the set times and the laws.
Thus wherever we see this sort of behaviour, we know we are facing antichrist. Many have blasphemed the name of the most high. The Roman emperors increasingly demanded to be worshiped as gods. Some of them were fierce persecutors, as others have been in more recent times. In the French Revolution, efforts were made to get rid of the seven day week and attempts to draft legislation contrary to God’s Word have been common in many regimes.
What this passage teaches us is that we will increasingly see such things in this world. Succeeding powers are progressively less humane; increasingly more rapacious; increasingly swift to advance its own interests; increasingly well ordered and machine like in its conduct. With this comes increasing blasphemy, persecution and high-handedness. It is important that we are aware of this process so that we are not taken by surprise. This is all foretold in the Scriptures.
5. The kingdoms of this world are often and increasingly active in persecuting believers.
It is the persecution of believers, no doubt, that particularly strikes Daniel and causes him to be troubled in spirit (15) and, as he says (28) deeply troubled by my thoughts, so that his face turned pale. In verse 21 he says how As I watched, this horn was waging war against the saints and defeating them. We live in a time and place that in some ways is more free of persecution than any other. There is till persecution, however. And wherever Antichrist or the spirit of antichrist is found, persecution follows. Again, this is something that we must be aware of and act accordingly.
6. However strong they may be, the kingdoms of this world will not last, for God will judge them
Despite Daniel’s concerns, the other thing that comes out here is the fact that this world’s kingdoms cannot continue unchecked. Daniel tells us (9) As I looked, thrones were set in place, and the Ancient of Days took his seat. This Ancient of days is, of course, God himself. Daniel describes him - His clothing was as white as snow; the hair of his head was white like wool. His throne was flaming with fire, and its wheels were all ablaze. These words speak of holiness and purity, of blazing glory, wrath and unapproachable uniqueness. We are told (10) A river of fire was flowing, coming out from before him. Thousands upon thousands attended him; ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him. Then we are told The court was seated, and the books were opened. It is the Day of Judgement. Daniel says (11, 12) Then I continued to watch because of the boastful words the horn was speaking. I kept looking until the beast was slain and its body destroyed and thrown into the blazing fire. (The other beasts had been stripped of their authority, but were allowed to live for a period of time.). Later on in verses 21, 22 we read that the war against the saints went on until the Ancient of Days came and pronounced judgement in favour of the saints of the Most High, and the time came when they possessed the kingdom. Always remember the judgement. No matter how strong a nation may grow, it will be judged in the end. There is no escape. There is no escape for anyone. Even before that great day God’s judgements come on nations that transgress his laws.
2. Understand and consider six important things about the kingdom of God
In the midst of all this information on the kingdoms of this world, it is clear that Daniel is being taught to focus his mind on the kingdom of God whose characteristics are also revealed here to some extent. This is the answer to the feelings of distress and anxiety that some of this material inevitably provokes.
1. God’s kingdom is ruled over by his own Son.
Verse 13 In my vision at night I looked, and there before me was one like a son of man, coming with the clouds of heaven. He approached the Ancient of Days and was led into his presence. Quite rightly, the focus is on the Son of Man. Although at its most basic this merely means a human being, do note that this is one like a son of man and he comes with the clouds of heaven. It is a messianic title – the one that Jesus most used to refer to himself. So next comes not a beast but a man, and yet more than a man. No doubt Nebuchadnezzar and Darius and Alexander and the Caesars had admirable qualities as have other emperors, yet so often it is the beastly element that predominates. Certainly in men like Alexander, Genghis Khan, Ivan the Terrible, Napoleon, that is the element that stands out. How different the Saviour, the Prince over God’s own kingdom. He alone has the divine qualities that are altogether admirable. He alone is worthy to stand in the presence of the Ancient of Days. Worship him.
2. God’s kingdom is a universal kingdom.
In verse 14a we read that He was given authority, glory and sovereign power; all peoples, nations and men of every language worshipped him. The great kingdoms of this world are certainly marked by their conquering of other peoples but here is one who has power over all sorts of peoples and nations. The kingdom of God is a universal kingdom.
3. God’s kingdom is an eternal kingdom.
Verse 14b His dominion is an everlasting dominion that will not pass away, and his kingdom is one that will never be destroyed. How different to the passing kingdoms of this world. They cannot last, this one cannot fail. That is why we must enter this kingdom by being born again.
4. God’s kingdom is an eternal inheritance of the saints. 18 But the saints of the Most High will receive the kingdom and will possess it for ever - yes, for ever and ever. What a wonderful word of encouragement for every believer.
5. The power of all the kingdoms of this world will eventually be handed over to God’s people. Verses 26, 27 But the court will sit, and his power will be taken away and completely destroyed for ever. Then the sovereignty, power and greatness of the kingdoms under the whole heaven will be handed over to the saints, the people of the Most High. His kingdom will be an everlasting kingdom, and all rulers will worship and obey him.
6. We have to pass through many troubles before the kingdom of God eventually comes.
We have to end on this sobering note. Verse 15 I, Daniel, was troubled in spirit, and the visions that passed through my mind disturbed me. 28 This is the end of the matter. I, Daniel, was deeply troubled by my thoughts, and my face turned pale, but I kept the matter to myself. Daniel’s silence is understandable in that he now knew that Babylon’s days were definitely numbered. His consternation is not a lack of faith but a sober realisation of the many troubles that have to be faced before glory and judgement. We ought to do the same. Nevertheless, if we can only see it, there is much to encourage here too, especially when so much more has now been fulfilled